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Nuclear Tensions Today: Understanding the Risks and Diplomatic Efforts

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Donald Trump Becomes the 47th President of the United States

ITK Magazine
Nov 6, 2024
2 min read

In a historic win, Donald Trump has reclaimed a seat in the White House, now serving as the 47th President of the United States.

AI Generated Donald Trump AI — Generated by Leonardo AI

His campaign was marked by a commitment to "Make America Strong Again," focusing on issues such as strengthening the economy, securing borders, and revitalizing American manufacturing. Trump also promised to prioritize U.S. energy independence, streamline federal regulations, and emphasize domestic safety measures. However, as is often the case with political promises, only time will tell if these ambitious goals will be realized.

The Journey of Donald Trump: From Businessman to Politician

Donald Trump, a well-known businessman, media personality, and former president, has always been a polarizing figure. His path from the boardroom to the White House began long before his first presidential bid in 2016. Raised in a family of real estate developers, Trump took over the family business, expanding it into a global brand with interests in hotels, casinos, and entertainment. His reality TV show, The Apprentice, elevated his profile and showcased his self-branded persona as a successful, no-nonsense businessman.

Donald Trump with an American Eagle and Flag behind him — AI Generated Donald Trump

Trump's Political Ascent and Controversies

Trump’s first term as president from 2017 to 2021 was marked by several achievements in tax reform, judicial appointments, and foreign policy efforts. However, his presidency was also riddled with controversy. His handling of immigration, stance on climate change, and often combative communication style drew both fierce criticism and passionate support. His handling of the COVID-19 pandemic in particular became a point of significant debate, shaping the latter part of his presidency.

After his term ended, Trump continued to be a prominent figure in American politics, rallying his base and frequently sharing his views on the direction of the country. Legal battles, including investigations into his business practices and allegations regarding election interference, have kept Trump in the headlines, making his return to office all the more unprecedented.

A New Chapter Begins

As Donald Trump prepares to serve his second term, America awaits to see how this familiar yet changed leader will approach the challenges ahead. While opinions on his policies vary widely, one thing is certain: the coming four years are likely to be dynamic.

Writer’s Note: Personally, I hold no opinion on the outcome of the election. What I can say, however, is that it will be an interesting four years to come.

Nuclear Tensions Today: Understanding the Risks and Diplomatic Efforts

All Articles

19 June 2025

Paul Francis

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In recent years, global tensions involving nuclear-armed states have drawn comparisons to the Cold War era. With renewed rivalries, advanced weapons technology, and evolving military doctrines, many wonder how close the world is to a potential nuclear crisis. Understanding the current landscape helps put these risks in perspective without causing undue alarm.

Mushroom cloud over a city landscape, fiery orange and gray tones dominate the scene. Dramatic sky and barren foreground enhance the impact.

The Devastating Power of Modern Nuclear Weapons

Modern nuclear weapons remain among the most destructive forces on Earth. Unlike the bombs used in the 1940s, today’s warheads can be hundreds or thousands of times more powerful. Their precision delivery systems and multiple warheads allow for targeted strikes on key military or civilian infrastructure.

However, despite their immense power, a single nuclear weapon would not be capable of destroying an entire country like the United Kingdom. While one bomb could devastate a major city and cause catastrophic loss of life, the broader population and infrastructure beyond the blast zone would remain intact. The risk of widespread destruction grows with multiple weapons targeted at various locations.

Current Geopolitical Flashpoints

Several regions today are at the centre of nuclear tensions:

The conflict between Russia and NATO, highlighted by the war in Ukraine, has raised concerns. Russia’s doctrine allows for nuclear use if it perceives an existential threat, adding a layer of unpredictability. While a large-scale nuclear exchange remains unlikely, the risk of limited use is a serious consideration.
South Asia remains a hotspot with a longstanding rivalry between India and Pakistan, both nuclear-armed countries. Their history of conflict and territorial disputes means that escalation risks persist.
North Korea continues to develop nuclear weapons and missile capabilities. Its leadership’s rhetoric and testing program contribute to regional tensions on the Korean Peninsula.
China, while maintaining a no-first-use policy, is modernising its nuclear forces amid rising tensions over Taiwan and the South China Sea.

How Do Modern Nuclear Doctrines Influence Risk?

Some military strategies and technological developments may increase the chance of nuclear use in a limited conflict. Tactical nuclear weapons, smaller and more ‘usable’ than strategic bombs, lower the threshold for deployment. Concepts like “escalate to de-escalate” suggest some countries might use limited nuclear strikes to force adversaries to back down.

At the same time, improvements in missile defence and early warning systems can either deter or accelerate the risk of a pre-emptive strike. Cybersecurity threats to command systems also add complexity.

The Role of Diplomacy and Arms Control

Despite these risks, diplomatic efforts and arms control agreements remain vital to reducing nuclear dangers.

The extension of the New START treaty between the United States and Russia in 2021 stands out as a key achievement. It limits deployed strategic warheads and fosters transparency through inspections and data sharing. This helps build trust and prevents unchecked arms build-up.

International agreements like the Non-Proliferation Treaty create global norms against nuclear proliferation and promote disarmament, even if progress can be slow.

Efforts to revive the Iran nuclear deal aim to prevent new states from acquiring nuclear weapons, contributing to regional and global stability.

Additionally, crisis communication channels, nuclear risk reduction centres, and regional security dialogues all play roles in managing tensions and preventing misunderstandings.

Challenges to Global Nuclear Stability

The breakdown of some treaties, such as the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty and the Open Skies Treaty, has undermined parts of the arms control framework. Renewed missile deployments and reduced transparency have increased uncertainty.

Ongoing conflicts and geopolitical distrust make negotiations more difficult. Modernisation of nuclear arsenals and new technologies often outpace diplomatic efforts.

North Korea’s continued nuclear testing and missile launches further complicate efforts to reduce risk in East Asia.

A Balanced View

While the nuclear threat today carries unique challenges, it is important to remember that the catastrophic consequences of nuclear war act as a powerful deterrent. Most nuclear-armed states understand that use would be devastating for all parties involved.

Diplomatic tools and international norms remain key to managing risks. Continued dialogue, treaty renewals, and confidence-building measures help keep the possibility of nuclear conflict low.

Understanding the complexity of nuclear tensions without fear allows for informed public discussion and supports the efforts aimed at a safer future.