Why Greenland Matters to the United States, and Why Some People Are Sceptical

8 January 2026

Paul Francis

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Greenland has become an increasingly prominent part of global geopolitical discussion, particularly in relation to the United States. On the surface, the interest can appear puzzling. Greenland has a small population, harsh conditions, and limited infrastructure. Yet for Washington, it represents one of the most strategically significant territories in the world.

Snow-covered mountains and rocky peaks rise above a deep blue sea, under a clear sky, creating a serene and majestic landscape.

At the same time, recent events elsewhere have led many observers to question whether security alone explains American interest in regions rich in natural resources. Greenland now sits at the intersection of strategic necessity and public scepticism.

Greenland’s strategic importance to US security

The primary and most consistently stated reason for US interest in Greenland is security.

Greenland occupies a crucial geographic position between North America and Europe. It sits along the shortest route for ballistic missiles travelling between Russia and the United States. This makes it essential for early warning systems and missile defence.

The US has maintained a military presence in Greenland since the Second World War. Today, Pituffik Space Base plays a key role in monitoring missile launches, tracking satellites, and supporting NATO defence architecture. These systems are designed to protect not only the United States but also its allies.

As Arctic ice continues to melt, the region is becoming more accessible to military and commercial activity. Russia has expanded its Arctic bases, and China has declared itself a near-Arctic state. From Washington’s perspective, maintaining influence in Greenland helps prevent rivals from gaining a foothold in a region that directly affects North Atlantic security.

The Arctic, climate change, and future competition

Climate change has transformed Greenland’s relevance. What was once largely inaccessible is now opening up.

New shipping routes could shorten trade paths between Asia, Europe, and North America. Scientific research, undersea cables, and surveillance infrastructure are all becoming more viable. Greenland’s location places it at the centre of these emerging routes.

For the United States, this makes Greenland less of a remote territory and more of a forward position in an increasingly contested region.

Red Mobil barrel secured with ropes on wood structure, against a cloudy sky. Blue pipes and rusty metal bar in background.

Oil and resource speculation as a secondary factor

While security dominates official policy discussions, resource speculation is often raised as an additional reason for interest in Greenland.

Greenland is believed to hold potential offshore oil and gas reserves, as well as deposits of rare earth elements, lithium, graphite, and other critical minerals. These materials are essential for electronics, renewable energy systems, and defence technologies.

It is important to note that Greenland currently restricts new oil and gas exploration licences, largely due to environmental concerns. Large-scale extraction remains difficult, expensive, and politically sensitive.

For the United States, oil is not a strategic necessity in Greenland. The country is already one of the world’s largest oil producers. However, critical minerals are a longer-term concern. The US remains heavily dependent on foreign supply chains, particularly from China, for many of these materials.

This makes Greenland attractive as a potential future partner rather than an immediate resource solution.

Why scepticism exists

Despite official explanations, scepticism persists, and not without reason.

In recent years, the United States has taken highly visible actions elsewhere that involved control over oil production and transport. These actions have reinforced a long-standing public perception that resource interests sometimes sit beneath security justifications.

The Iraq War remains a powerful reference point. Although the official rationale focused on weapons and security threats, the protection and control of oil fields became a defining feature of the conflict in the public imagination. That perception continues to shape how many people interpret US foreign policy today.

More recently, actions involving sanctions, tanker seizures, and control of oil revenues in other regions have revived these concerns. When military or economic pressure coincides with resource-rich territories, scepticism follows.

Against this backdrop, even legitimate security interests can be viewed through a lens of historical mistrust.

Greenland is not Iraq, but history shapes perception

Greenland differs significantly from past conflict zones. It is an autonomous territory within the Kingdom of Denmark, a NATO ally. The United States does not dispute Danish sovereignty and has repeatedly stated that Greenland’s future must be decided by its people.

US engagement in Greenland has focused on diplomacy, scientific cooperation, and defence partnerships rather than intervention. There has been no military conflict, no occupation, and no attempt to forcibly extract resources.

However, history matters. Public opinion is shaped not only by current actions but by patterns over time. When people see strategic interest combined with resource potential, they naturally draw comparisons.

Denmark’s role as a stabilising factor

Denmark plays a crucial role in shaping how Greenland is engaged internationally. As the sovereign state responsible for defence and foreign policy, Denmark ensures that US involvement occurs within established legal and diplomatic frameworks.

This partnership reduces the likelihood of unilateral action and helps keep Greenland’s development aligned with environmental standards and local governance.

The broader reality

Greenland’s importance to the United States is real, and it is primarily rooted in geography and defence. Resource speculation exists, but it is not the driving force behind current policy.

At the same time, scepticism is understandable. History has taught many people to question official narratives when strategic interests and natural resources overlap.

The truth lies in the tension between these two realities. Greenland matters because of where it is, what it enables, and what it may one day provide. How it is treated will determine whether it becomes a model of cooperation or another chapter in a long story of mistrust.

Greenland is not a prize to be taken, but a partner to be engaged. Whether that distinction holds in the long term will depend not just on policy statements, but on actions.

In a world shaped by climate change, great power competition, and historical memory, even legitimate interests must contend with the weight of the past.

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A Culinary Adventure at Newcastle's Food and Beer Festival

Gregory Devine
Oct 16, 2023
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I Tried a Food and Beer Festival

Enjoying a beer flight at outdoor beer festival

It's my second year at university, and I'm still loving it, especially trying new things. Last weekend provided a perfect opportunity to try something new when Newcastle's big food festival of the year came to town.

Wylam Brewery in Newcastle — Photo by Chabe01

Newcastle's stunning Wylam Brewery was the perfect setting for a great day out. It's found in Exhibition Park, a place I know very well, having lived next to it in my first-year university accommodation halls. My friends and I arrived at the brewery, where our first plan of action was to purchase tokens, which we could then exchange for a plethora of street food. It was £4 per token, which, at first, I thought was quite expensive, but maybe in the current economic climate, this could be considered reasonable or even cheap.

After purchasing our tokens, it was time to grab a pint. There were so many options, including beers, ciders, lagers, and IPAs, with the majority being craft. These certainly weren't cheap, but you don't expect them to be when they aren't your typical branded stuff. I went for a pint of IPA called "Beyond the Dream," which was exactly what I wanted but very strong. It's fair to say that after a couple of these, you were certainly beginning to feel it. This was £8 per pint, which normally I would cringe at seeing, but I already knew this was going to be an expensive day, so I had tried to save accordingly.

With a pint in hand, it was time to experience the main event: food! I started off with a Thai-inspired fish taco. While the taco shell itself wasn't very large, they definitely didn't hold back on filling it up. The flavours were amazing, a good mix of sweet and savoury with a spicy kick that was small yet did the job perfectly. I noticed an odd texture to the fish, only to then realise it wasn't fish but a plant-based substitute. It's amazing how close they can get the flavouring of fish into these substitutes, but I still feel the texture isn't quite there yet and could potentially be off-putting. This was probably my least favourite dish of the day. That's not to say it wasn't tasty; it tasted better than some of the other foods I tried, but I felt the portion size was a little stingy considering the price of the token.

The next place I tried was an Indian street food stall. Here, I had a chicken tikka wrap, which might sound a little boring at a street food event, but that didn't stop it from being delicious. The sauce was perfect, just the right amount of spice, and with the big chicken chunks that required no chewing, it's fair to say I loved this dish. It was wrapped in a thick homemade naan bread, making the perfect combination. The portion size was good too, so you might be surprised to see me put this at the bottom of my rankings. I can't fault anything about it, but the flavours of the fish taco mean the tikka wrap goes into 4th place with the taco in 3rd.

After grabbing another pint, this time a DIPA called "Revenge of the Greenbutt Skunk" which was ridiculously strong yet so enjoyable, it was time to try what my friend had described as the best pizza in Newcastle. The slice came from a Chicago-style deep-dish pizza pie. They make their pizzas look like desserts as a cool gimmick that works even better because the pizza tastes so good. I couldn't even begin to describe to you what toppings were on that pizza because there were so many. The flavours of tomato, meat, and vegetables were the main things I remember taste-wise, but the main thing I remember about that pizza is just how much I enjoyed eating it. The company has a permanent shop in Newcastle that I must try, as I was told by my friend it's even tastier when you order from there. This was easily my second favourite dish, which should give you some idea of just how good my favourite was.

With my last token, I had a Korean barbecue pulled pork sandwich. That might sound very boring and basic, but it was the complete opposite. The bread was homemade and was easily the nicest bread I've ever tried. The crust was so crunchy, yet the dough inside was almost bubbly, filled with so many little air pockets. The pork was incredible and topped with the Korean barbecue sauce; this was a perfect pulled pork sandwich and a perfect way to end my day of tasting food.

Probably the best part of this event was how it catered to everybody. There were university students, families with young children, workdays out, and so many dogs. The park is very easy to get to and just on the outskirts of the city centre, so it's fair to say there were plenty of people there. Set over two days, I'd be interested to know how much the event made; I'm sure it made a fair few pennies.