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Nuclear Tensions Today: Understanding the Risks and Diplomatic Efforts

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National Living Wage Increase: A Step in the Right Direction?

Gregory Devine
Oct 23, 2023
3 min read

Jeremy Hunt announced earlier in October the National Living Wage would increase from £10.42 to £11. It’s a good start but is it enough to help with the cost-of-living crisis? For those who aren’t aware, the national living wage is different from the national minimum wage. It’s the lowest amount workers aged 23 and over can be paid. It’s not a recommendation, it's the law.

Annually, the government determines wage rates after considering guidance from the independent advisory body, the Low Pay Commission. Typically, the commission's recommendations are accepted by the ministers. The government had previously established a goal for the national living wage, aiming to attain a level equivalent to two-thirds of median hourly pay by October of the upcoming year. While the Low Pay Commission has yet to officially confirm its recommendations for the next year, it anticipates that the wage rate required to meet the government's objective will fall within the range of £10.90 to £11.43.

A care assistant was interviewed by the BBC saying that a pay raise would “help for now” but with the costs of necessities like food and fuel constantly rising she felt her wages would still be “playing catch up”. That being said it would still help and she and her partner might be able to cover bills and put money aside for savings.

It says so much about the state of the country right now when a wage increase, that still isn’t really enough with inflation, might just allow a household to have barely enough income for bills and possibly some savings. That should be a given in this country. There is no way in the 21st century we should find people struggling just to live in Britain. There’s enough money in this country for that to be possible yet the greed of corporations still prevails.

I feel it’s very important to point out this wage increase is only for people 23 and above. What about young people who have a family? They still need to provide for their children. I struggle to see how age matters when you consider this. Is the government saying your family doesn’t matter as much if you’re young?

Some people might say benefits are the answer here. That would be ironic as Jeremy Hunt announced ministers would be looking once again at the benefits system and the requirements for applying to certain benefits. He said this was due to things “going in the wrong direction” due to around 100,000 people leaving the workforce each year for what Mr. Hunt described as a “life on benefits”. Once again the Tories aren’t really interested in helping people during a time when they really need it.

It feels like the general election is close but in truth, it’s not. The Tories don’t have to call an early one and in truth why would they when it’s obvious they wouldn’t win right now? It’s not until January 2025 that a general election must be called. We still have well over a year of Rishi Sunak and the conservatives. How long can this country survive without new ideas that focus on the entire point of a country, its people?

I read a lot on X (formally Twitter) people asking why a vote of no confidence cannot be called but this would require Tory MPs to vote against their own party. This is highly unlikely to happen. Even if some MPs did vote against their own party, the Conservatives have a huge majority meaning even if some Conservative MPs did want to change sides it would have hardly any impact on the vote.

The increase in the national living wage was needed and it certainly will help people. That being said I’m still sceptical as to whether it will be enough as the cost of living continues to rise. The Tories cannot just stop here, they must continue to serve the British people, do the right thing, and provide the necessary support for families up and down the country.

Nuclear Tensions Today: Understanding the Risks and Diplomatic Efforts

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19 June 2025

Paul Francis

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In recent years, global tensions involving nuclear-armed states have drawn comparisons to the Cold War era. With renewed rivalries, advanced weapons technology, and evolving military doctrines, many wonder how close the world is to a potential nuclear crisis. Understanding the current landscape helps put these risks in perspective without causing undue alarm.

Mushroom cloud over a city landscape, fiery orange and gray tones dominate the scene. Dramatic sky and barren foreground enhance the impact.

The Devastating Power of Modern Nuclear Weapons

Modern nuclear weapons remain among the most destructive forces on Earth. Unlike the bombs used in the 1940s, today’s warheads can be hundreds or thousands of times more powerful. Their precision delivery systems and multiple warheads allow for targeted strikes on key military or civilian infrastructure.

However, despite their immense power, a single nuclear weapon would not be capable of destroying an entire country like the United Kingdom. While one bomb could devastate a major city and cause catastrophic loss of life, the broader population and infrastructure beyond the blast zone would remain intact. The risk of widespread destruction grows with multiple weapons targeted at various locations.

Current Geopolitical Flashpoints

Several regions today are at the centre of nuclear tensions:

The conflict between Russia and NATO, highlighted by the war in Ukraine, has raised concerns. Russia’s doctrine allows for nuclear use if it perceives an existential threat, adding a layer of unpredictability. While a large-scale nuclear exchange remains unlikely, the risk of limited use is a serious consideration.
South Asia remains a hotspot with a longstanding rivalry between India and Pakistan, both nuclear-armed countries. Their history of conflict and territorial disputes means that escalation risks persist.
North Korea continues to develop nuclear weapons and missile capabilities. Its leadership’s rhetoric and testing program contribute to regional tensions on the Korean Peninsula.
China, while maintaining a no-first-use policy, is modernising its nuclear forces amid rising tensions over Taiwan and the South China Sea.

How Do Modern Nuclear Doctrines Influence Risk?

Some military strategies and technological developments may increase the chance of nuclear use in a limited conflict. Tactical nuclear weapons, smaller and more ‘usable’ than strategic bombs, lower the threshold for deployment. Concepts like “escalate to de-escalate” suggest some countries might use limited nuclear strikes to force adversaries to back down.

At the same time, improvements in missile defence and early warning systems can either deter or accelerate the risk of a pre-emptive strike. Cybersecurity threats to command systems also add complexity.

The Role of Diplomacy and Arms Control

Despite these risks, diplomatic efforts and arms control agreements remain vital to reducing nuclear dangers.

The extension of the New START treaty between the United States and Russia in 2021 stands out as a key achievement. It limits deployed strategic warheads and fosters transparency through inspections and data sharing. This helps build trust and prevents unchecked arms build-up.

International agreements like the Non-Proliferation Treaty create global norms against nuclear proliferation and promote disarmament, even if progress can be slow.

Efforts to revive the Iran nuclear deal aim to prevent new states from acquiring nuclear weapons, contributing to regional and global stability.

Additionally, crisis communication channels, nuclear risk reduction centres, and regional security dialogues all play roles in managing tensions and preventing misunderstandings.

Challenges to Global Nuclear Stability

The breakdown of some treaties, such as the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty and the Open Skies Treaty, has undermined parts of the arms control framework. Renewed missile deployments and reduced transparency have increased uncertainty.

Ongoing conflicts and geopolitical distrust make negotiations more difficult. Modernisation of nuclear arsenals and new technologies often outpace diplomatic efforts.

North Korea’s continued nuclear testing and missile launches further complicate efforts to reduce risk in East Asia.

A Balanced View

While the nuclear threat today carries unique challenges, it is important to remember that the catastrophic consequences of nuclear war act as a powerful deterrent. Most nuclear-armed states understand that use would be devastating for all parties involved.

Diplomatic tools and international norms remain key to managing risks. Continued dialogue, treaty renewals, and confidence-building measures help keep the possibility of nuclear conflict low.

Understanding the complexity of nuclear tensions without fear allows for informed public discussion and supports the efforts aimed at a safer future.