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India–Pakistan Conflict Escalates After Air Strikes and Retaliation
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Sex Education Season 4: A Journey into Complex Identities

Netflix’s Sex Education Season 4 Might Be Its Most Important Season Yet

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Original photo by Zorro2212

Season 4 of the popular comedy-drama 'Sex Education' is out. It's a show I love, mostly due to just how relatable it is. While previous seasons have explored the trials and tribulations of puberty in high school, this season tackles the challenges of college students.


It's a weird time when you're 17. You're given much more independence than before, and you have the chance to learn to drive a car, yet you're not an adult yet. It's a time when you are truly starting to understand who you are. The show doesn't hide this at all. There are people going through all different kinds of identity understanding, whether that's who they are sexually attracted to or what gender they believe they are. This will be quite jarring for some viewers. This season is very 'woke,' but that's been done on purpose. While the show isn't literal sex education, it is produced in a way where you're supposed to learn from the characters and apply it to your own life.


Having nearly no straight characters in college won't be everyone's cup of tea, but this isn't trying to be a realistic portrayal of college. The point is to learn and understand more about gender beliefs by showing the many different forms they come in. The season particularly focused on people who have transitioned sexes or are still in that transitioning phase. For example, I had no idea of the aftereffects of taking testosterone for the first time or how hard and expensive it is to have top surgery. More and more people are questioning their own identities; it's not something that is going to go away, so no matter what your opinion, it's important to at least try to understand how difficult it can be for people.


Perhaps my favourite part of the season surrounds Jackson Marchetti. His character has lesbian parents. While he has always been a big part of the show, they've never really delved deeper into what having gay parents can be like. In the show, he discovers a lump on his testes. When he goes to the doctor, he's asked questions about his family history and if there's any illness that runs through the family. This makes him start to question where he comes from and who his biological father is. I personally went through the same thing. I have lesbian parents and also started to question who my biological father was after finding a lump. He's unsure what to say to his moms. You don't want to upset them, obviously, but he also wants answers on who he is and where he comes from.


While Jackson's part was very interesting, the show didn't go as deep as I would've liked them to. In the show, it turns out he isn't a child of IVF treatment, but instead, his biological mother was having an affair, and that's how she fell pregnant with Jackson. For me, this is incredibly lazy from the producers. They didn't truly explore how children can find their biological father. There are charities that will help you to find your father, but there is one big issue with this. If you were born in 2001 or before, you cannot find your father. Back then, donors were protected by law, meaning their identity must be kept a secret. All I will ever know about my sperm donor is that he was a university student studying maths at Manchester. That's it, and the law won't change that. I personally have come to terms with this and don't really care about it, but for a show targeted at teenagers, I think they would've caused someone in my position more issues than answers.


This season is meant to be the last of the show and, in truth, is a great way to end it. I'm not sure what else they could really do to continue the series without it starting to feel stale. Most of the issues the characters faced have now been resolved or brought to a stage where there aren't any glaring questions that need answering. You can keep your Breaking Bad; Sex Education is Netflix's greatest show.


India–Pakistan Conflict Escalates After Air Strikes and Retaliation

India–Pakistan Conflict Escalates After Air Strikes and Retaliation

7 May 2025

Paul Francis

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On May 7th, India confirmed that three of its fighter jets were downed following retaliatory strikes by Pakistan, marking the most significant military escalation between the two nuclear-armed neighbours in years. This follows India’s May 6th operation, dubbed “Operation Sindoor,” in which precision air and missile strikes were launched against alleged terrorist infrastructure across the Line of Control in Pakistan-administered Kashmir.


Indian flag waving against a clear blue sky, displaying orange, white, and green stripes with a blue Ashoka Chakra in the center.

Why Did India Strike Pakistan?

The Indian government stated the strikes were a direct response to the April 22nd terrorist attack in Pahalgam, Indian-administered Kashmir, which killed 26 civilians, most of them Hindu tourists. India has attributed the attack to Pakistan-based militant groups, including Lashkar-e-Taiba and Jaish-e-Mohammed.


Pakistan has denied involvement, claiming the groups act independently of the state and condemning the Indian operation as an act of aggression that killed civilians, including women and children.


The Kashmir Conflict: A Flashpoint Since 1947

Tensions between the two nations are rooted in the 1947 partition of British India, which led to the creation of India and Pakistan and triggered the first Indo-Pakistani war over the princely state of Jammu and Kashmir. That conflict left the region divided, with both countries administering separate portions but each claiming it in full.


The Kashmir dispute has been the cause of three full-scale wars—in 1947, 1965, and 1999—and numerous cross-border clashes.


Terrorism and Retaliation: The Ongoing Security Dilemma

India continues to accuse Pakistan of sponsoring cross-border terrorism, while Pakistan views India’s presence in Kashmir as an occupation. The long-standing proxy war dynamic makes accountability difficult and de-escalation complicated.


The latest strikes represent a notable shift from surgical, covert operations to open military engagements, with both countries engaging in tit-for-tat air operations.


International Reactions to the India–Pakistan Conflict

The United Nations and major global powers have called for calm. The United States, China, and Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries are pushing for diplomatic dialogue to prevent a broader conflict.


Meanwhile, international air travel across South Asia has been disrupted as tensions rise, with numerous flights cancelled or rerouted.


What’s Next for India and Pakistan?

Both governments face domestic pressures that make diplomacy difficult. Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi has taken a hardline stance on national security, while Pakistan’s leadership—amid fragile economic recovery—must also show strength to domestic audiences.


As military assets mobilise on both sides, the risk of escalation remains high. Without clear diplomatic engagement, the region faces the danger of an extended conflict between two nuclear-armed states.

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